DOKUMENTATION
Med tanke på att informationen om BESS är spridd och svår att få tag på har vi sammanställt en omfattande lista med information för detta område.
BESS FAILURE CASES
https://www.fema.gov/case-study/emerging-hazards-battery-energy-storage-system-fires
This is a public resource for documenting publicly-available data on battery energy storage failure events from around the world. All information included is available in the linked public documents.
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1. USA, ID, Melba: A Powin Energy BESS at a distribution resource substation experienced a fire event on October 2, 2023, during pre-commissioning.
2. France, Martinique, Saint-Esprit: A BESS integrated with a solar farm encountered an incident on September 29, 2023, while operational.
3. Australia, Queensland, Bouldercombe: A Tesla BESS at a substation faced an issue on September 26, 2023, shortly after installation.
4. US, CA, Valley Center: An LG Energy Solution BESS in a rural area had an event on September 18, 2023, during operational use.
5. France, Saucats, Barban: A rural BESS incident occurred on August 22, 2023, during pre-commissioning.
6. US, NY, Chaumont: A General Electric BESS integrated with solar infrastructure experienced a failure on July 27, 2023, shortly after installation.
7. Taiwan, Taichung City, Longjing District: An LFP BESS encountered an issue on July 4, 2023.
8. US, NY, Warwick: Two separate BESS incidents occurred on June 26 and 27, 2023, both during operational use1.
9. US, NY, East Hampton: A BESS for resiliency and utility peak reduction faced an event on May 31, 2023, during operational use.
10. Sweden, Gothenburg, Vastra Frolunda: An indoor BESS incident occurred on April 26, 2023, during pre-commissioning.
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https://storagewiki.epri.com/index.php/BESS_Failure_Event_Database
HAZZARD ASSESMENTS
Incidents of battery storage facility fires and explosions are reported every year since 2018, resulting in human injuries, and millions of US dollars in loss of asset and operation. Traditional risk assessment practices such as ETA, FTA, FMEA, HAZOP and STPA are becoming inadequate for accident prevention and mitigation of complex energy power systems.
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BESS HAZARDS
CEA conducted more than 320 inspections on over 52 battery energy storage system factors, collectively auditing over 30 GWh of lithium-ion battery storage projects. In total, the exercise identified more than 1,300 manufacturing issues, the company reported.
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26 % of inspected energy storage systems had quality issues related to the fire detection and suppression system.
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S095042302200208X
INCREASED RISK OF HEALTH ISSUES
Exposure to toxic gasses from BESS fires can heighten health risks. These gasses include carbon monoxide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, and sulfur dioxide. Studies reveal that exposure to these chemicals can lead to respiratory problems and skin irritation1. Additionally, residents within a 6.5km radius, including the seniors at Bäckgården, are at risk.
https://www.epa.gov/emergency-response/health-and-ecological-hazards-caused-hazardous-substances
CODES AND STANDARDS
The following codes and standards are currently considered by the industry for the installation of BESS and the hazard mitigation analysis for those systems.
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MANUFACTURING ISSUES
CEA conducted more than 320 inspections on over 52 battery energy storage system factors, collectively auditing over 30 GWh of lithium-ion battery storage projects. In total, the exercise identified more than 1,300 manufacturing issues, the company reported.
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26 % of inspected energy storage systems had quality issues related to the fire detection and suppression system and 18% have issues with the thermal management.
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https://info.cea3.com/hubfs/CEA%20BESS%20Quality%20Risks%20Report.pdf
NOISE POLLUTION
The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that environmental noise features among the top environmental risks to health, with an estimated 1 million healthy years of life lost every year from environmental noise effects, including annoyance, sleep disturbance, and ischaemic heart disease.
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https://www.awe.international/article/1841555/noise-impact-assessment
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https://www.windconcernsontario.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/BESSreport-Feb21.pdf
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WATER CONTAMINATION
Consequential health hazard was created when the Town of East Hampton’s primary water supply was poisoned by run-off water used to extinguish the fire at the East Hampton battery storage facility on May 31, 2023. Toxins that can lead to cancer and other illnesses were released into our sole source of freshwater. No public warning has been issued, nor has a cleanup effort been announced.
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https://oswsouthfork.info/bess
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DECREASE IN PROPERTY VALUE
The BESS facility poses a significant risk to property values, potentially leading to a depreciation of 30% or more. The high-risks and noise pollution associated with the facility further discourages interest in purchasing or developing residential properties within the already existing residential area, which is located less than 200 meters from Fabriken Bastuträsk. Prospective buyers of nearby residences will be severely deterred by the hazardous placement of this power facility.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted a study using hedonic property value methods to assess the impact of chemical accidents on home values. While typical accidents do not significantly affect property values, incidents resulting in offsite injuries, property damage, evacuations, or shelter-in-place orders lead to a substantial decrease in home values within a 4.5km radius. This phenomenon would directly impact property values in Bastuträsk, Röjnoret, Torpet, Bastuträsk by, and Kattisträsk.
Additionally, other studies suggest that properties located near hazardous waste facilities may experience up to a 40% reduction in home values, particularly after chemical exposure or due to neglected decommissioning efforts. Current homeowners in these areas are likely to suffer a significant loss of value in their homes.
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xhttps://www.bakerrisk.com/news/myths-battery-energy-storage-systems/
HIGHER INSURANCE COST FOR PROPERTIES
Constructing a BESS facility near residential areas has several negative impacts on insurance costs for nearby properties:
Fire Risk: Insurance premiums for nearby properties are influenced by the risk of fire associated with BESS facilities.
Property Damage: A fire or explosion at a BESS facility could harm neighboring homes, structures, and infrastructure, leading to increased insurance claims and higher costs for homeowners in the vicinity.
Liability Claims: BESS facilities may be liable for accidents or injuries occurring on their premises. Residents harmed due to BESS-related incidents (e.g., battery leakage, electrical shock) can impact insurance rates.
Environmental Concerns: Community opposition may arise due to noise, visual impact, and perceived health risks from BESS facilities near residential areas. Insurers consider community sentiment when assessing risk.
Increased Risk Perception: Insurance underwriters evaluate overall risk profiles. The presence of a BESS facility introduces an additional risk factor, leading to higher perceived risk for nearby properties and potentially higher insurance premiums.
In summary, homeowners close to BESS facilities may face elevated insurance costs due to these associated risks.
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ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION
https://www.twfire.gov.uk/business-safety/bess-battery-energy-storage-system/
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https://www.moxa.com/en/articles/three-major-challenges-faced-by-remote-bess-maintenance
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https://www.kimley-horn.com/news-insights/perspectives/battery-energy-storage-system-requirements/
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https://sustainenergyres.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40807-023-00082-z
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https://www.fema.gov/case-study/emerging-hazards-battery-energy-storage-system-fires
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https://www.fema.gov/case-study/emerging-hazards-battery-energy-storage-system-fires
https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/8/12/290
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https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2021/ee/d1ee00691f
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https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1510058/FULLTEXT01.pdf
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https://www.dhs.gov/cyber-incidents
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https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leeds-66584335
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https://ctif.org/news/public-pushback-and-fears-against-large-battery-energy-storage-systems-growing
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Vill du utforska ämnet på djupet? I den här videon på 50 minuter gör riskexperter som arbetar för batteriföretag och stora energibolag en objektiv genomgång av säkerheten kring BESS och de frågor vi ännu inte har svar på.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMOn8BMcsKQ
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